2016-05-26
9:42 AM
有時使用檔案選擇器取得路徑時會發現路徑是奇怪的 content://downloads/public_downloads 字串
而這種路徑使用 context.getContentResolver().query(); 方法取得的路徑會是空的
其實是因為新版 Android 在路徑上是使用 uri 的方式表示的
有點像網址,好處是同一個 uri 可以指定到不同的實體路徑內
用以對應不同的開發商與使用者設定
壞處就是取得路徑的方法變得較麻煩(而且官方文件似乎找不到方法? WTF?)
而且很多類型的檔案取得路徑的方式也沒有統一
以下就是對應各版本(4.4 以上)取得路徑的 FileUtil 的原始碼
檔案瀏覽器的使用方式可以到 啟動檔案瀏覽器選擇檔案 教學查看
程式碼範例
- import android.content.ContentUris;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.os.Environment;
- import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
- import android.provider.MediaStore;
- import cmc.toolkit.FileKit;
- import com.ihad.ptt.model.exception.EmptyFilePathException;
- import com.ihad.ptt.model.exception.IllegalTrueTypeFontException;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- public class FileUtils {
- /**
- * 從 uri 取得檔案路徑 這將從 Storage Access Framework Documents 取得路徑
- * 也會使用從 _data 欄位取得 MediaStore 以及其他 file-based ContentProviders 的對應路徑
- *
- * @param context The context.
- * @param uri The Uri to query.
- * @author paulburke
- */
- public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
- // DocumentProvider
- if ( DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri) ) {
- // ExternalStorageProvider
- if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
- final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
- final String[] split = docId.split(":");
- final String type = split[0];
- if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
- String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
- if (split.length > 1) {
- path += "/" + split[1];
- }
- return path;
- }
- else {
- String path;
- if (Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()) {
- path = System.getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE");
- } else {
- path = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
- if (path == null || path.length() == 0) {
- path = System.getenv("EXTERNAL_SDCARD_STORAGE");
- }
- }
- if (split.length > 1) {
- path += "/" + split[1];
- }
- return path;
- }
- }
- // DownloadsProvider
- else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
- final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
- final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
- Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
- return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
- }
- // MediaProvider
- else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
- final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
- final String[] split = docId.split(":");
- final String type = split[0];
- Uri contentUri = null;
- if ("image".equals(type)) {
- contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
- } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
- contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
- } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
- contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
- }
- final String selection = "_id=?";
- final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {
- split[1]
- };
- return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
- }
- }
- // MediaStore (and general)
- else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
- // Return the remote address
- if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri)) return uri.getLastPathSegment();
- return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
- }
- // File
- else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
- return uri.getPath();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 從 data 欄位取得 uri 對應的實體路徑
- * 主要用以取得 MediaStore Uris 以及其他 file-based ContentProviders 的對應路徑
- *
- * @param context The context.
- * @param uri The Uri to query.
- * @param selection (Optional) Filter used in the query.
- * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
- * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
- * @author paulburke
- */
- public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
- String[] selectionArgs) {
- Cursor cursor = null;
- final String column = "_data";
- final String[] projection = {
- column
- };
- try {
- cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
- null);
- if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
- final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
- return cursor.getString(column_index);
- }
- } finally {
- if (cursor != null)
- cursor.close();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * @param uri The Uri to check.
- * @return 是否為 ExternalStorageProvider 類型的 uri
- * @author paulburke
- */
- public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
- return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
- }
- /**
- * @param uri The Uri to check.
- * @return 是否為 DownloadsProvider 類型的 uri
- * @author paulburke
- */
- public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
- return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
- }
- /**
- * @param uri The Uri to check.
- * @return MediaProvider 類型的 uri
- * @author paulburke
- */
- public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
- return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
- }
- /**
- * @param uri The Uri to check.
- * @return 是否為 Google Photos 類型的 uri
- */
- public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
- return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
- }
- // 檢查檔案類型的小範例
- /**
- * 檢查取回的檔案副檔名
- * @param path 檔案路徑
- * @return
- * 若檔案類型正確則回傳檔案名稱, 反之則回傳空字串
- * @throws EmptyFilePathException 路徑是空字串或是 null 物件
- * @throws FileNotFoundException 檔案不存在
- * @throws IllegalTrueTypeFontException 檔案類型不正確
- */
- public static String typefaceChecker(String path) throws EmptyFilePathException, FileNotFoundException, IllegalTrueTypeFontException {
- if( path == null || path.isEmpty() ){
- throw new EmptyFilePathException( "File path is empty" );
- }
- File file = new File(path);
- if( !file.exists() || !file.isFile() ) {
- throw new FileNotFoundException( "File path : " + path );
- }
- String filename = file.getName();
- String ext = FileKit.getFileExt(filename);
- if( !ext.equalsIgnoreCase(".ttf") ){
- throw new IllegalTrueTypeFontException( "File path : " + path + ", File name : " + filename + ", ext : " + ext );
- }
- return filename;
- }
- }
各項資料連結
啟動檔案瀏覽器選擇檔案
Stackoverflow - Get real path from URI, Android KitKat new storage access framework
GitHub - aFileChooser